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Public Defense

Second Circuit Blog Second Circuit Blog

Case Summaries and Commentary by Attorneys from the Federal Defenders Office in New York City

Post Frequency: 2.4/day

Last Entry: March 25, 2016 at 12:33:00

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Waiving Bye-Bye

Posted on January 02, 2011
United States v. Arevalo, No. 09-0576-cr (2d Cir. December 21, 2010) (Jacobs, Kearse, Straub, CJJ)Defendant Manuel Vigil pled guilty to conspiracy to commit murder in aid of racketeering and using a firearm in connection with a crime of violence. He did so pursuant to a plea agreement that contained an appeal waiver - he promised not to ?file an appeal or otherwise challenge? his conviction or sentence if the district court imposed a sentence of 195 months? imprisonment or less...


PATRIOT Games

Posted on January 02, 2011
United States v. Abu-Jihaad, No. 09-1375-cr (2d Cir. December 20, 2010) (Raggi, Hall, Chin, CJJ)Defendant Hassan Abu-Jihaad, whose birth name was Paul R. Hall, was convicted of communicating national defense information about the movement of a Navy battlegroup to unauthorized persons...


Equal Rejection

Posted on December 19, 2010
United States v. Thomas, No. 09-4335-cr (2d Cir. December 16, 2010) (Jacobs, Kearse, Straub, CJJ)The circuit has twice upheld strict liability nature of the ?stolen gun? enhancement, currently codified as U.S.S.G. § 2K2.1(b)(4)(A). Here, the defendant raised the issue again, arguing that Apprendi and its progeny have undermined the circuit precedent on this point, and also made an equal protection claim...


PC World

Posted on December 19, 2010
United States v. Diaz, No. 10-317 (2d Cir. December 15, 2010) (Cabranes, Pooler, Wesley, CJJ) (per curiam)In October, the court issued a non-precedential summary order holding that the Fair Sentencing Act (the "FSA") is not retroactive. See "Summary Summary" posted October 27, 2010...


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Summary Summary

Posted on December 19, 2010
Here are the two latest summary orders of interest.In United States v. Spitsyn, No. 09-4698-cr (2d Cir. December 16, 2010), the court agreed with the parties that the district court relied on clearly erroneous findings of fact in a bank fraud case to support ts finding that all of the checks the defendants cashed were relevant conduct...


Labor Pains

Posted on December 19, 2010
United States v. Markle, No. 06-1600-cr (2d Cir. December 14, 2010) (Jacobs, Pooler, Parker, CJJ)In United States v. Enmons, 410 U.S. 396 (1973), the Supreme Court held that extortion liability under the Hobbs Act, 18 U.S.C. § 1951, did not extend to violence in pursuit of ?legitimate labor ends? that occurs during a lawful strike that is intended to achieve ?legitimate collective-bargaining objectives...


Plain Terror

Posted on December 18, 2010
United States v. Marcus, No. 07-4005-cr (2d Cir. December 7, 2010) (Calabresi, Straub, Wesley, CJJ)This is Marcus? second go-round in the circuit. He won the first time, in August of 2008, (see ?Sex Post Facto?, posted August 18, 2008). The government got cert, and the Supreme Court reversed, holding that the first panel had used an incorrect plain error standard...


PC World

Posted on December 13, 2010
United States v. Bouknight, No. 09-4085-cr (2d Cir. December 7, 2010) (Katzmann, Livingston, CJJ, Korman, DJ)This latest per curiam was a summary order that, on the government's motion, the court published. In it, the court holds that a sentence to a conditional discharge in Connecticut state court is a "criminal justice sentence" for purposes of the criminal history enhancement in U...


What You Don?t Know Can Hurt You

Posted on December 11, 2010
United States v. Andino, No. 09-4694-cr (2d Cir. December 3, 2010) (Kearse, Calabresi, Wesley, CJJ)In 2008, customs officials intercepted a package containing cocaine addressed to ?Andino Jose? at an address in the Bronx. After a controlled delivery to that address, the recipient called defendant Andino, who picked up the package and brought it to an adjacent building, where he left it unopened...


Two Steps Forward

Posted on December 11, 2010
United States v. Capers, No 07-1830-cr (2d Cir. December 1, 2010) (Pooler, Hall CJJ, Trager, DJ)This decision, which was sub judice for nearly two and one-half years, attempts to sort out the confusion left by the Supreme Court?s decision in Missouri v...


No Gain, Yes Pain

Posted on December 11, 2010
United States v. Woolf Turk, No 09-5091-cr (2d Cir. November 30, 2010) (Katzmann, Hall CJJ, Jones, DJ)Ivy Woolf Turk was a principal in a real estate development company. Between 2003 and 2007 she and her partner persuaded investors to lend them $27 million, primarily to renovate apartment buildings in upper Manhattan...


Fuller Brush-Off

Posted on December 11, 2010
United States v. Fuller, No. 09-1437-cr (2d Cir. November 30, 2010) (McLaughlin, Straug, Raggi, CJJ)In 2004, Ross Fuller pled guilty to a sex offense in Missouri and became a registered sex offender. He complied with the applicable registration requirements until June of 2006, when he moved to New York, and failed to register either in Missouri or New York State...


Summary Summary

Posted on December 05, 2010
Well, it's been a while since the court gave us any interesting summary orders, but here are two that are worth noting.In United States v. Crawford-Bey, No. 09-3309-cr (2d Cir. December 1, 2010), the defendant challenged on appeal the U.S.S.G. § 2D1.1(b)(1) gun possession enhancement...


Blame Canada

Posted on November 26, 2010
United States v. Miller, No. 08-1152-cr (2d Cir. November 23, 2010) (Straub, Parker, Livingston, CJJ)In 1994, Michelle Miller had a son, Robbie, with her former high school boyfriend; they later married. Shortly thereafter, the marriage dissolved. A Vermont family court awarded Miller legal custody of Robbie, and gave the father visitation rights...


PC World

Posted on November 26, 2010
United States v. Douglas, No. 09-4955-cr (2d Cir. November 23, 2010) (Miner, Katzmann, Hall, CJJ) (per curiam)Defendant Douglas was trolling a fetish Internet chatroom, and struck up an acquaintanceship with a Vermont police officer posing as ?Liz,? a thirty-eight-year-old divorced nurse with a thirteen-year-old daughter, ?Anna...


Payoff Games

Posted on November 26, 2010
United States v. Kalish, No. 08-3374-cr (2d Cir. November 24, 2010) (Newman, Winter, Lynch, CJJ)Defendant Kalish was convicted of mail and wire fraud in connection with an advance loan fee scheme. The district court ordered him to pay $ 1.2 million in restitution, and also ordered a $ 3...


It?s Not In The Timing

Posted on November 06, 2010
United States v. Davis, No. 09-3636-cr (2d Cir. November 5, 2010) (Newman, Raggi, CJJ, Rakoff, DJ)Williams Davis was convicted, after a jury trial, of inter alia, producing child pornography, and was sentenced to 120 years? imprisonment. This opinion address the novel issue of whether the defendant must know that the pornography will be transmitted in interstate commerce at the time he produced it...


Dread Herring

Posted on October 31, 2010
United States v. Rosa, No. 09-0636-cr (2d Cir. October 27, 2010) (Walker, Livingston, CJJ, Kaplan, DJ)Back in June, in a case called Julius, after finding a Fourth Amendment violation, the circuit remanded the case so that the district court could perform a cost-benefit analysis in deciding whether to apply the exclusionary rule...


PC World

Posted on October 30, 2010
United States v. Drachenberg, No. 09-3114-cr (2d Cir. October 2, 2010) (Kearse, Pooler, Hall, CJJ) (per curiam)The court?s latest per curiam puts to rest several recurring tax-protester argumenst. Representing himself pro se, Drachenberg argued that federal courts had no jurisdiction over him because ?New York is not subject to the legislative or territorial jurisdiction of the United States? and thus that as a ?native-born? New Yorker he was under no obligation to pay income taxes ?unless and until the United States has conquered or subsumed New York...


Deal Or No Deal?

Posted on October 30, 2010
United States v. Marks, No. 08-1207-cr (2d Cir. October 19, 2010) (Leval, Hall, Livingston, CJJ)Defendant Chad Marks was convicted after a jury trial of drug trafficking offenses and two § 924(c) counts, and was sentenced to the resulting 40-year mandatory minimum sentence...


No Angry Men

Posted on October 29, 2010
Portolatin v. Graham, No. 07-1599-pr (2d Cir. October 18, 2010) (en banc)Earlier this year, a Second Circuit panel held that New York?s persistent felony offender (PFO) statute violated the right to a jury trial under Apprendi. See The Persistents of Apprendi, posted April 9, 2010...


Summary Summary

Posted on October 27, 2010
This is hot off the presses - today, in a summary order, the court held that the Fair Sentencing Act is not retroactive, since it "contains no express statement that it is intended to have retroactive effect nor can we infer such intent from its language...


Summary Summary

Posted on October 23, 2010
Well, it's been a while, but the court has finally issued a couple of summary orders of interest.In United States v. De La Cruz, No. 09-4641-cr (2d Cir. October 21, 2010), the district court, in imposing sentence, remarked that a "Guideline sentence by definition really can't create unwarranted sentencing disparity...


Unlicensed Striver

Posted on October 03, 2010
United States v. Mazza-Alaluf, No. 09-3940-cr (2d Cir. September 22, 2010) (Sack, Raggi, Lynch, CJJ)Mazza-Alaluf operated an unlicensed money-transfer business that, while based in Chile, sent millions of dollars through New York, Illinois and Michigan, without acquiring the appropriate state licenses...


PC World

Posted on October 03, 2010
United States v. Folkes, No. 09-3389-cr (2d Cir. September 29, 2010) (Newman, Hall, CJJ, Restani, JCIT) (per curiam)A conceded plain error in applying the definition of ?crime of violence? in the illegal reentry Guideline is the subject of the court?s most recent per curiam...


Gender Contender

Posted on October 02, 2010
United States v. Paris, No. 08-5071-cr (2d Cir. September 17, 2010) (Jacobs, Wesley, Chin, CJJ)This interesting Batson decision deals with gender-based peremptory challenges, a subject that the circuit has not previously discussed.Background For about five years, Dennis Paris ran a multi-state prostitution ring centered in the Hartford, Connecticut, area and recruited teenage girls to work for him...


PC World

Posted on September 18, 2010
United States v. Ahders, No. 09-4093-cr (2d Cir. September 16, 2010) (Katzmann, Hall, Chin, CJJ) (per curiam)In this latest per curiam, the court vacated a long sentence imposed for producing child pornography, because the district court did not make adequate findings on a sentencing enhancement...


Summary Summary

Posted on September 12, 2010
As summer draws to a close, here are two more summary orders of interest.In United States v. Reap, No. 06-5793-cr (2d Cir. August 30, 2010), the court notes that it is an open question in the circuit whether 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(1) requires proof that the defendant knew that he had a prior felony conviction...


Max Facto

Posted on September 05, 2010
United States v. Ortiz, No. 08-2648-cr (2d Cir. September 1, 2010) (Newman, Pooler, CJJ, Rakoff, DJ)Closing a an open question, the here court holds that the use of a more onerous guideline that is promulgated after the date of the offense can violate the Ex Post Facto Clause...


Southern Discomfort

Posted on September 05, 2010
United States v. Barrie, No. 09-3035-cr (2d Cir. August 31, 2010) (Katzmann, Hall, Chin, CJJ)Alalim Barrie was convicted of bank fraud and aggravated identity theft in connection with a scheme in which he and his confederates obtained money from banks using counterfeit checks and stolen credit card accounts...


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