Class Action

Class Action Defense Cases–In re Merck: Third Circuit Reinstates Class Action Against Merck Holding District Court Erred In Dismissing Securities Class Action Because Class Action Plaintiffs Were Not On Inquiry Notice Sufficient To Time Bar Claims

By Michael J. Hassen

Fact Stock Price did not React to “Storm Warnings” Contradicted District Court Finding that Class Action Plaintiffs were on Inquiry Notice of Class Action Claims so as to Commence Statute of Limitations Third Circuit Holds

“[Plaintiffs], purchasers of Merck & Co., Inc. stock, filed the first of several class action securities fraud complaints on November 6, 2003, alleging that the company and certain of its officers and directors…misrepresented the safety profile and commercial viability of Vioxx, a pain reliever that was withdrawn from the market in September 2004 due to safety concerns.” In re Merck & Co., Inc. Securities, Derivative & “ERISA” Litig., ___ F.3d ___ (3d Cir. September 9, 2008) [Slip Opn., at 3]. The class action complaint alleged that defendants violated Sections 11, 12(a)(2), and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, Sections 10(b), 20(a), and 20A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and Rule 10b-5 by “materially misrepresent[ing] the safety and commercial viability of VIOXX,” id., at 15. Defense attorneys moved to dismiss the class action claims on the ground that they were barred by the statute of limitations, and that the allegations in the class action complaint failed to meet the heightened pleading requirements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (PSLRA); the district court granted the motion to dismiss on the first ground, and did not reach the PSLRA argument. Id., at 15-16 and n.8. Plaintiffs appealed, challenging the district court’s finding that “there was sufficient public information prior to November 6, 2001 to trigger Appellants’ duty to investigate the alleged fraud.” Id. The Third Circuit reversed.

We do not discuss the Circuit Court’s 36-page majority opinion in detail, and we do not here summarize the history of Vioxx, leading up to the first class action lawsuit in May 2001, see In re Merck, at 4-9. The FDA sent Merck a warning letter on September 21, 2001, regarding the “marketing and promotion” of Vioxx and stating in part “that Merck’s ‘promotional activities and materials’ for the marketing of Vioxx were ‘false, lacking in fair balance, or otherwise misleading in violation of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the Act) and applicable regulations.’” Id., at 9. The FDA’s letter “received widespread coverage by the media and securities analysts,” id., at 10; nonetheless, securities analysts “all maintained their ratings for Merck stock at ‘buy’ or ‘hold’ and/or continued to project increased future revenues for Vioxx,” id., at 11-12. Merck’s stock price did decline in the days immediately following the FDA warning letter, it quickly rebounded and by October 1, 2001 the stock price closed higher than before the announcement of the FDA warning letter a week before. Id., at 12. More product liability class action lawsuits were filed against Merck on September 27, 2001, see id., and the New York Times reported on the health risks of Vioxx in early October 2001, see id., at 12-13. Cutting to the chase, Merck withdrew Vioxx from the market in September 2004, and securities analysts began recommending that Merck stock be sold. See id., at 14-15.

Full post as published by Class Action Defense Blog on September 29, 2008 (boomark / email).